PFAS Testing and Analysis

Introduction

Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances, commonly known as PFAS, are a group of man-made chemicals that have been used in various industries around the world since the 1940s. Due to their unique chemical properties, PFAS have been widely appreciated for their ability to resist heat, oil, stains, grease, and water. This makes them invaluable in countless applications, including non-stick cookware, water-repellent fabrics, fire-fighting foams, and some industrial processes.

What are PFAS?

PFAS are a large family of synthetic chemicals that includes PFOA, PFOS, GenX, and many other substances. These chemicals are made up of a chain of linked carbon and fluorine atoms, which is one of the strongest bonds in organic chemistry. This strong bond makes PFAS very resistant to degradation in the environment.

How Are People Exposed to PFAS?

Source: https://www.iasabhiyan.com/what-are-per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances/

People can be exposed to PFAS through:

• Consumption of contaminated water or food.
• Use of products made with PFAS, such as non-stick cookware, stain-resistant carpets, and water-repellent clothing.
• Occupational exposure during the manufacture or use of PFAS.

Why Are PFAS a Concern?

Despite their useful properties, PFAS are increasingly becoming a concern for environmental and public health officials. Here’s why:

Persistence

PFAS compounds are incredibly persistent, earning them the nickname "forever chemicals." They do not break down in the environment and can accumulate over time.

Bioaccumulation

PFAS can accumulate in the body of humans and wildlife. Regular exposure, even to low levels of PFAS, can lead to a significant buildup, potentially leading to adverse health effects.

Health Risks

Studies have linked significant levels of PFAS exposure to a variety of health problems, including:

• Increased cholesterol levels.
• Changes in liver enzymes.
• Decreased vaccine response in children.
• Increased risk of high blood pressure or pre-eclampsia in pregnant women.
• Changes in the development of fetuses and infants, including growth, learning, and behaviour.
• Increased risk of kidney or testicular cancer.

Importance of testing PFAS in soil and water

Regulations and standards

The European Commission's Notice C/2024/4910, dated 7.8.2024, provides guidelines for the analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water, aiming to ensure public safety. It outlines the background, parametric values, minimum detection limits, and sampling frequency requirements. The guidelines detail methods and performance criteria for analyzing the sum of PFAS and total PFAS content, emphasizing analytical techniques and the accuracy needed for effective monitoring. These standards are critical for consistent and reliable PFAS detection across various monitoring platforms.

The EPA has set new National Primary Drinking Water Regulations for six PFAS compounds, aiming to reduce health risks. Enforceable Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) and non-enforceable Maximum Contaminant Level Goals (MCLGs) have been established:

PFAS testing analysis.

Mandatory PFAS Testing

• Targeted PFAS Analysis: Uses LC-MS or GC-MS to detect specific PFAS compounds (e.g., PFOA, PFOS), ensuring regulatory compliance.
• Quantitative Measurement: Employs analytical chemistry methods to measure PFAS at parts per trillion, determining exact concentrations.
• Comprehensive Reporting: Assesses potential health and environmental impacts by comparing findings to regulatory standards.

Optional PFAS Testing

• Non-Targeted Screening: Expands detection scope by identifying additional PFAS using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS).
• Total Organic Fluorine (TOF): Measures total organic fluorine via Combustion Ion Chromatography (CIC) to assess overall PFAS presence.
• Environmental Fate Studies: Investigates PFAS transport, degradation, and bioaccumulation to understand long-term environmental effects.
• Emerging PFAS Compounds: Keeps pace with regulatory and research updates by analyzing newer or lesser-known PFAS compounds using HRMS or targeted methods.

Eurofins' Comprehensive Role in PFAS Testing and Analysis

Eurofins is a global leader in analytical testing and laboratory services, including PFAS testing. Eurofins offers a wide range of testing capabilities and expertise to help identify, measure, and analyze PFAS compounds in various samples. Here are some aspects of Eurofins' role in PFAS testing:

• Eurofins' PFAS Testing Services Eurofins offers extensive PFAS testing services, utilizing advanced methods like LC-MS, GC-MS, and compliance with regulatory standards. Their labs are certified across all states for various environmental and consumer product analyses.
• Specialized Capabilities Eurofins conducts both targeted analyses of known PFAS compounds and non-targeted screenings to identify unknown PFAS. They also perform Total Organic Fluorine (TOF) analysis for comprehensive detection.
• Regulatory and Client Support Eurofins helps clients navigate PFAS regulations, offering expert guidance and educational support to stay compliant and informed about PFAS management and risks.
• Impact and Leadership With over 20 years in the field, Eurofins leads in PFAS analysis, contributing significantly to public health and safety through their innovative testing techniques and regulatory expertise.

Eurofins' commitment to quality and client support makes them a key player in the ongoing efforts to manage and mitigate PFAS risks effectively.

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